● The Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine that protects against extrapulmonary tuberculosis(miliary TB and TB meningitis).
● Commonly used strains are Copenhagen (Danish 1331), Pasteur and Glaxo.
● Reconstituted with sterile normal saline.
● BCG vaccine primarily induces cell mediated immunity. Protective efficacy is about 80%.
● Administration at birth provides early protection as maternal antibody does not interfere with cell mediated immunity.
● Route of administration is intradermal and is administered on the left shoulder at insertion of deltoid to allow identification of BCG scar.
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